Which technique allows malware to avoid detection by signature-based security software?

The fileless technique is a method that enables malware to operate without being stored on the disk, thereby significantly reducing the chances of it being detected by signature-based security software. Traditional antivirus programs rely on matching known malware signatures to identified threats. Fileless malware, however, typically resides in volatile memory and uses legitimate system tools and processes to execute its payload. This lack of presence on the hard drive means that signature-based detection solutions, which scan for known file characteristics, are less effective against it. Instead of residing as files that can be scanned, fileless malware often employs legitimate software functionalities to carry out its malicious activities.

This technique leverages the inherent trust and capabilities of the operating system, making it more elusive to conventional security measures. For example, utilizing PowerShell scripts or Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) allows the malware to seamlessly blend in with normal system activity. Because of this strategy, attacks utilizing fileless techniques have become increasingly prevalent, showcasing the need for security solutions that focus beyond traditional signature detection methods.