Which of the following could be considered a method to execute code without being detected by traditional security measures?

Masking through legitimate processes is a common technique used by attackers to execute code without detection by traditional security measures. This method involves embedding malicious code within processes that are considered benign or essential to the system's operation. By disguising the malicious actions within processes that security solutions typically trust or recognize as safe, attackers can evade detection by antivirus and other security monitoring tools, which often do not scrutinize these processes closely. This stealthy approach allows malicious actors to conduct their activities while remaining under the radar of conventional defense mechanisms.

The other options, while related to cybersecurity, do not serve as methods for executing code undetected. For example, anti-malware software is designed explicitly for the detection and prevention of malicious activities, thus opposing the intent of executing code without detection. Relying on user permissions generally pertains to access controls and does not inherently provide a method for masked execution. Network segmentation strategies are aimed at improving security by containing potential threats and protecting data but do not facilitate covert execution of code within a network context.