What type of malware replicates itself without user interaction and can disrupt network traffic?

The correct answer is the type of malware known as a worm. Worms are designed to replicate themselves independently and can propagate through networks without requiring any user interaction. Once a worm gains access to a network, it can spread from one system to another, often leading to significant disruptions in network traffic and performance.

Worms exploit vulnerabilities in software or operating systems to spread, which allows them to affect numerous devices quickly. This self-replication and ability to traverse networks autonomously distinguishes them from other types of malware, such as Trojans, which typically require user action to be activated. Ransomware, while also harmful, primarily focuses on encrypting data and demanding payment for decryption rather than self-replicating. Adware, on the other hand, mainly serves advertisements and does not replicate itself or disrupt network traffic.