What does access control regulate?

Access control primarily focuses on determining who has the rights to access specific data, when they can access it, and the actions they are permitted to take with that data. This includes defining user permissions such as read, write, execute, or delete rights. By enforcing these controls, organizations can protect sensitive information and ensure that only authorized individuals are able to perform actions that could affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.

The other options, while related to data management and security, do not capture the full scope of access control. For instance, controlling the physical locations of data pertains more to physical security measures than to direct user access and permissions. Similarly, while determining what types of data can be shared touches on data governance, it doesn't encompass user-specific access rights and actions. Lastly, the encryption level is a security mechanism that protects data integrity and confidentiality but does not regulate user access to that data.